ITR Filing: Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss; 15 points for Preparation

Income tax return: Proper filing of Income Tax Return require proper maintenance of records. Making of balance sheet and profit loss is utmost important. Filing of ITR 3 and ITR 4 requires the details of Profit and loss A/C and Balance in the Format provided in the Income Tax Utility Forms. Every business is supposed to make Profit and loss and Balance Sheet at the end of the financial year. However, it is advisable for everyone to prepare capital account or Profit loss account and balance sheet for every individual.

Profit and Loss for Income Tax Return

P&L account takes revenues into account for a specific period. It also records any expenses or costs incurred by these revenues. Guidelines for preparation of Profit and Loss are:-

1. Income

If the ordinary business is other than finance, disclose revenue generated from sale of products, sale of services, other operating revenues or other Income on Credit side of P/L Account .

In case ordinary business is of finance nature, disclose the revenue from interest and financial services which includes interest, financial service fee and net gain/loss on foreign currency transactions.

2. Purchase

It will Purchase of raw material, goods for trading, work-in-progress goods, Consumption of stores and spare parts, etc

Read Also: Partner’s Remuneration, salary & Interest on capital – Section 40b of Income Tax

3. Exempt supply

If selling of goods and service is exempted from GST then any GST levied on the input supply shall be added to the cost.

4. Expenditure

General list of expenses-

• Employee Benefits Expense (salaries and wages, contribution to provident and other funds, staff welfare expenses).
• Depreciation and amortization,
• Interest expense,
• Net loss on sale of investments,
• Net loss on foreign currency transaction (other than considered as finance cost),
• Payments to the auditor as Audit Fee, for taxation matters, Certification fee or for other service.
• Power and fuel, Rent, Repairs to buildings, Repairs to machinery, Insurance, Rates and taxes, excluding taxes on income
• Other Miscellaneous expenses are included as expenses.

Read Also: How to calculate depreciation under Income Tax?

5. Penalties

Penalties paid for contravening provisions under any Law are not allowed as deduction from P/L account.

6. Turnover

Always disclose the turnover which is disclosed in Goods and Service Tax or GST Returns. Any inconsistencies may bring notices for you. Read More : GST Turnover v/s Income Tax Turnover

Read Also: Income Tax for NRI- Which Income in India is taxable and its tax rates

Balance Sheet for ITR

Balance sheet is a summary of the financial balances of an individual or organization, whether it be a sole proprietorship, a business partnership, corporation, private limited company or other organization. It contains Assets, liabilities and capital at the end of its financial year. 

Guidelines for preparation of Balance sheet are:-

1. Classification of Current Asset and Fixed Asset

Classification is based on operating Cycle which means time between acquisitions of an asset till conversion of that asset into cash.

Current asset:-

1. If the operating cycle of asset is 12 months or less.
2. If the asset is held for the purpose of sale or trade or earn speculation profit.
3. Also, if the asset in the form of cash or cash equivalent or in the most liquid able form for at least 12 months after the reporting date.
4. Like Stock in trade, Debtors etc

If not than the asset shall be classified as non-current assets or Fixed assets.

Read Also: Income Tax on equity shares and mutual funds for AY 2021-22

2. Classification of Current and Non current Liabilities

Current Liabilities

•  If the liability is expected to mature or expire or settle or due within 12 months.
• If the liability is held for the purpose of sale or trade or earn speculation profit.
• Like Bank Over draft etc

If not than the liability shall be classified as non-current liability.

3. TDS or TCS

If TDS or TCS standing in last year balance sheet, one must check whether it has been refunded or receipt. Read Also: TDS rate chart applicable for FY 2021-22 (AY 2022-23)

Read Also: Income Tax on Provident Fund: New Rule to tax PF contributions & interest

4. Income or Expense Accrued

Any Income which is earned like FD interest but not received shall stand in Asset side of balance sheet. Likewise any expense accrued but not paid like TDS liability shall stand in liability side of Balance sheet.

5. Land purchased

Land shall stand in Balance sheet. The Land value shall be the sum of stamp duty value, stamp duty and any other duty or fee paid.

6. Loan for Asset

If any loan is taken to acquire any fixed asset, then the interest accrued till date of put to use shall be capitalized.

Read Also : 5 Home Loan tax benefits u/s 24, 80C, 80EE, 80EEA of Income Tax Act

Other Important Points Balance Sheet and Profit loss under Income Tax.

1. Donation

Donation to political party is disallowed but you can take the deduction from the capital account.

2. Sale of agriculture land

Profit from sale of agriculture land is neither the business profit nor it is capital gain. It is exempt but it must be shown in Income Tax Return.

3. Mistake identified in next year

If we identify any mistake of any earlier year, we generally try to correct the old accounts where we get caught by the Software. It is advisable to never touch the fixed asset or cash balance as their closing balances are carry forward to next year.

For ITR filing or any Income Tax Consultancy, whatsapp us at +917024984925.

The author of above article is Riya Thawani.

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